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- ===================
- Distribution format
- ===================
-
- A typical FreeBSD distribution directory looks something like this:
-
- ABOUT.TXT bin dict manpages tools
- HARDWARE.TXT compat1x des doc packages
- INSTALL.TXT compat20 floppies ports
- README.TXT compat21 games proflibs
- RELNOTES.TXT info src
- LAYOUT.TXT XF86332
-
- If you want to do a CDROM, FTP or NFS installation from this
- distribution directory, all you need to do is make a 1.44Mb floppy
- from the floppies/boot.flp image file (see floppies/README.TXT for
- instructions on how to do this), boot it and follow the instructions.
- See INSTALL.TXT for more information.
-
- If you're trying to do some other type of installation or are merely
- curious about how a distribution is organized, what follows is a more
- thorough description of each item in more detail:
-
- 1. The *.TXT files obviously contain documentation (this file is
- LAYOUT.TXT) and should be read before starting an installation.
-
- 2. The XF86332 directory contains the XFree86 project's 3.3.2 release and
- consists of a series of gzip'd tar files which contain each component
- of the XFree86 distribution.
-
- 3. The bin, dict, des, doc, games, info, manpages, proflibs, and src
- directories contain the primary distribution components of FreeBSD
- itself and are split into smaller files for easy packing onto floppies
- (should that be necessary).
-
- 4. The compat1x, compat20 and compat21 directories contain distributions
- for compatibility with older releases and are distributed as single
- gzip'd tar files - they can be installed during release time or later
- by running their `install.sh' scripts.
-
- 5. The floppies subdirectory also contains the floppy installation images
- and the floppies/README.TXT file should be read for further
- information on using them.
-
- 6. The packages and ports directories contain the FreeBSD packages and
- ports collections. Packages may be installed from the packages
- directory by running the command: ``/stand/sysinstall configPackages''
- or by feeding individual filenames in packages/ to the pkg_add(1)
- command.
-
- The ports collection may be installed like any other distribution
- and requires about 30MB unpacked. More information on the ports
- collection may be obtained from http://www.freebsd.org/ports or
- locally from ``file:/usr/share/doc/handbook'' if you've installed
- the doc distribution.
-
- 7. Last of all, the tools directory contains various DOS tools for
- discovering disk geometries, installing boot managers and the like.
- It is purely optional and provided only for user convenience.
-
- A typical distribution (we'll use the info distribution as an example)
- looks like this internally:
-
- CHECKSUM.MD5 info.ab info.ad info.inf install.sh
- info.aa info.ac info.ae info.mtree
-
- The CHECKSUM.MD5 file contains MD5 signatures for each file, should
- data corruption be suspected, and is purely for reference. It is not
- used by the actual installation and does not need to be copied with
- the rest of the distribution files. The info.a* files are split,
- gzip'd tar files, the contents of which can be viewed by doing:
-
- cat info.a* | tar tvzf -
-
- During installation, they are automatically concatenated and extracted
- by the installation procedure.
-
- The info.inf file is also necessary since it is read by the installation
- program in order to figure out how many pieces to look for when fetching and
- concatenating the distribution. When putting distributions onto floppies,
- the .inf file MUST occupy the first floppy of each distribution set!
-
- The info.mtree file is another non-essential file which is provided
- for user reference. It contains the MD5 signatures of the *unpacked*
- distribution files and can be later used with the mtree(1) program
- to verify the installation permissions and checksums against any possible
- modifications to the file. When used with the bin distribution, this can
- be an excellent way of detecting trojan horse attacks on your system.
-
- Finally, the install.sh file is for use by those who want to install the
- distribution after installation time. To install the info distribution from
- CDROM after a system was installed, for example, you'd do:
-
- cd /cdrom/info
- sh install.sh
-
- And that's all there is to it! Each distribution contains its own
- install.sh file for this.
-